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Types of Business Entities in India (Formation-Based Blocks)

๐Ÿง 1. Sole Proprietorship

  • Owner: Single person

  • Registration: Not mandatory; can register under Shop & Establishment Act or UDYAM (MSME)

  • Legal Status: Not a separate legal entity

  • PAN: Uses individualโ€™s PAN

  • Liability: Unlimited

  • ๐Ÿค 2. Partnership Firm

  • Owners: 2 or more partners

  • Law: Indian Partnership Act, 1932

  • Registration: Optional, but advised

  • Agreement: Partnership Deed

  • Legal Status: Not a separate entity

  • Liability: Unlimited

  • ๐Ÿงพ 3. Limited Liability Partnership (LLP)

  • Owners: Partners (min 2)

  • Law: LLP Act, 2008

  • Registration: Mandatory with MCA

  • Legal Status: Separate legal entity

  • Liability: Limited to contribution

  • Compliance: Annual ROC filings

  • ๐Ÿข 4. Private Limited Company

  • Owners: Shareholders (min 2, max 200)

  • Law: Companies Act, 2013

  • Registration: Mandatory with MCA (SPICe+ form)

  • Legal Status: Separate legal entity

  • Liability: Limited to shareholding

  • Features: Can raise equity, preferred by investors

  • ๐Ÿฆ 5. Public Limited Company

  • Owners: Shareholders (min 7, no limit)

  • Law: Companies Act, 2013

  • Registration: Mandatory with MCA

  • Legal Status: Separate legal entity

  • Liability: Limited

  • Features: Can list on stock exchange

  • ๐Ÿ™ 6. Section 8 Company (Non-Profit)

  • Purpose: Charitable, religious, educational, etc.

  • Law: Companies Act, 2013

  • Registration: With MCA as Section 8 Company

  • Profits: Cannot be distributed

  • Tax Benefit: Eligible for 12A, 80G (after approval)

  • ๐Ÿง‘โ€๐ŸŒพ 7. Trust / Society

  • Purpose: Welfare, charity, etc.

  • Law:

    • Trust: Indian Trusts Act, 1882

    • Society: Societies Registration Act, 1860

  • Registration: At state-level

  • Members: Minimum 2 (Trust) / 7 (Society)

  • ๐ŸŒพ 8. Co-operative Society

  • Purpose: Mutual benefit of members (e.g., housing, farming)

  • Law: Co-operative Societies Act, 1912 or State Act

  • Registration: Registrar of Co-operative Societies

  • Legal Status: Separate entity

  • ๐Ÿง 1. Sole Proprietorship

    Owner: Single person
    Registration: Not mandatory; can register under Shop & Establishment Act or UDYAM (MSME)
    Legal Status: Not a separate legal entity
    PAN: Uses individualโ€™s PAN
    Liability: Unlimited

    ๐Ÿค 2. Partnership Firm

    Owners: 2 or more partners
    Law: Indian Partnership Act, 1932
    Registration: Optional, but advised
    Agreement: Partnership Deed
    Legal Status: Not a separate entity
    Liability: Unlimited

    ๐Ÿงพ 3. Limited Liability Partnership (LLP)

    Owners: Partners (min 2)
    Law: LLP Act, 2008
    Registration: Mandatory with MCA
    Legal Status: Separate legal entity
    Liability: Limited to contribution
    Compliance: Annual ROC filings

    ๐Ÿข 4. Private Limited Company

    Owners: Shareholders (min 2, max 200)
    Law: Companies Act, 2013
    Registration: Mandatory with MCA (SPICe+ form)
    Legal Status: Separate legal entity
    Liability: Limited to shareholding
    Features: Can raise equity, preferred by investors

    ๐Ÿฆ 5. Public Limited Company

    Owners: Shareholders (min 7, no limit)
    Law: Companies Act, 2013
    Registration: Mandatory with MCA
    Legal Status: Separate legal entity
    Liability: Limited
    Features: Can list on stock exchange

    ๐Ÿ™ 6. Section 8 Company (Non-Profit)

    Purpose: Charitable, religious, educational, etc.
    Law: Companies Act, 2013
    Registration: With MCA as Section 8 Company
    Profits: Cannot be distributed
    Tax Benefit: Eligible for 12A, 80G (after approval)

    ๐Ÿง‘โ€๐ŸŒพ 7. Trust / Society

    Purpose: Welfare, charity, etc.
    Law:
    - Trust: Indian Trusts Act, 1882
    - Society: Societies Registration Act, 1860
    Registration: At state-level
    Members: Minimum 2 (Trust) / 7 (Society)

    ๐ŸŒพ 8. Co-operative Society

    Purpose: Mutual benefit of members (e.g., housing, farming)
    Law: Co-operative Societies Act, 1912 or State Act
    Registration: Registrar of Co-operative Societies
    Legal Status: Separate entity

    Sole Proprietorship

    Owned by a single individual. No formal registration required (can register under MSME or Shop Act). Liability is unlimited.

    Partnership Firm

    Owned by 2 or more partners. Governed by the Indian Partnership Act. Registration is optional but recommended.

    Limited Liability Partnership (LLP)

    Separate legal entity. Liability is limited. Registered with MCA under LLP Act, 2008. Annual compliance required.

    Private Limited Company

    Separate legal identity with limited liability. Minimum 2 shareholders. Registered with MCA under Companies Act.

    Public Limited Company

    Suitable for large businesses. Can raise funds from the public. Listed/unlisted. Requires higher compliance.

    Section 8 Company (Non-Profit)

    Formed for charitable or social purposes. Profits cannot be distributed. Registered under Companies Act, 2013.

    Trust / Society

    Created for welfare or charitable purposes. Registered under respective State Trust or Societies Act.

    Co-operative Society

    Formed by people with common interests (e.g., farmers, housing). Registered under Co-operative Societies Act.

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    Phone: +91-8429930881
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